1、 Introduction
At present, CNC engraving machine has gradually become a necessary professional tool for production in various industries. With the development and application of CNC technology combined with high-performance frequency conversion controller and servo drive equipment in various production industries, CNC engraving machine has increasingly become the mainstream configuration in today's engraving industry.
Spindle system is an important component of NC engraving machine, and its performance has a vital impact on the performance of NC engraving machine. As the heart of the spindle system, frequency converter is an indispensable key component. This paper mainly introduces the application of frequency converter in the spindle drive system of NC engraving machine.
2、 Composition and working principle of engraving machine
Today's mainstream CNC engraving machine is composed of computer, engraving machine controller and engraving machine main body. Its working principle is to carry out pattern design and typesetting through the special engraving software configured in the computer, and transmit the design and typesetting information to the engraving machine controller through the computer, Then, the controller converts these information into pulse signals that can drive the stepping motor or servo motor to control the engraving tool positioning of X, y and Z axes on the main body of the engraving machine. At the same time, the controller starts the frequency converter to drive the engraving head of the spindle motor to rotate at a high speed, cutting, drilling and milling the processing materials fixed on the host workbench, so as to carve various plane or three-dimensional relief graphics and characters designed in the computer, so as to realize the automatic engraving operation according to different processing materials and process requirements, Different special configuration tools can be matched.
3、 Spindle control system of NC engraving machine
Spindle system is an important component of NC engraving machine, and its performance has a vital impact on the performance of NC engraving machine. CNC engraving machine requires the spindle system to adopt stepless speed change. At present, frequency converter is mostly used to drive asynchronous AC motor. The spindle motor mostly adopts two pole high-speed brushless water-cooled motor, with low noise and large cutting force. The operating speed is generally 0 ~ 24000r / min, and the corresponding frequency converter operating frequency is 0 ~ 400Hz. In order to improve processing efficiency, large engraving opportunities are equipped with multiple spindle heads, and a frequency converter drives multiple spindle motors at the same time.
With its unique super performance and superior cost performance, the anchor point of ozhor frequency converter meets the performance characteristics of the main shaft, such as wide speed regulation range, high speed stability, strong overload capacity, large low-speed torque and short acceleration and deceleration time. It occupies a considerable market share in the domestic engraving machine market.
4、 Electrical principle of spindle system and parameter setting of frequency converter
The power supply system of engraving machine has single-phase 220V and three-phase 380V. Most models use single-phase 220V power supply. The electrical wiring mode is divided into the following two types according to the given mode of frequency source:
1. The spindle frequency source is given by analog quantity
The frequency source of the frequency converter adopts the 0 ~ 10V analog signal output by the NC system, and the corresponding operating frequency is 0 ~ 400Hz. In this way, stepless speed regulation can be realized for the spindle, and the cutting speed of the spindle can be changed in real time according to different engraving objects or engraving processes. It is widely used in medium and high-end engraving machines requiring high and fine engraving technology.
2. The spindle frequency source is the mode of multi-stage speed setting
According to the processing technology requirements of the engraving machine, the user sets multiple operating frequencies of the spindle in the frequency converter parameters in advance. When the NC system needs different spindle frequencies, the multi-channel digital signal output by the engraving controller sets the operating frequency according to the frequency converter corresponding to the preset combination mode, It can quickly respond to the requirements of spindle speed in the engraving program written by users, so as to achieve the best effect of engraving. The spindle operated in this mode is not stepless speed regulation, and can only operate a fixed frequency. It is generally used in occasions with low requirements for engraving technology and low-end engraving machines. When the customer requires a short deceleration time, the braking resistor can be selected as required and connected between P + / Pb of the main circuit terminal. The brake resistance power can be selected according to the machine power level in the appendix of the manual.
5、 Classification and application industry of engraving machine
CNC engraving machines can be divided into woodworking engraving machines, stone engraving machines, advertising engraving machines, cylindrical engraving machines, craft engraving machines, etc.
1. Woodworking engraving machine is mainly used for wood processing to make it more beautiful.
2. Stone carving machine can carve calligraphy and painting on stone, ceramics and ceramic tiles.
3. Advertising engraving machine is widely used for engraving all kinds of signs, plexiglass, stone gate signs, three-dimensional billboards, decorative gifts, etc.
4. Cylinder engraving machine, also known as three-dimensional engraving machine, can engrave on the surface of cylindrical objects.
5. Handicraft carving machine is commonly known as jade carving machine. It has high precision, relatively slow engraving speed and small table size. It is suitable for fine handicraft engraving.
6、 Summary
Domestic CNC engraving machine manufacturers are mainly distributed in Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. With its excellent performance price ratio, stable torque characteristics, perfect after-sales guarantee and other characteristics, ODR frequency converter has a great share in the engraving machine market. ODR frequency converter provides the most stable spindle power guarantee for the engraving machine industry and contributes a strong force to the vigorous development of the engraving machine market.